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Importing a model with non-humanoid (generic) animations

Importing a model with humanoid animations

This page contains guidance on importing a model for use with Unity's Animation System. For information on creating a model for use with the Blitheness System, see Creating models for animation.

The Blitheness System works with 2 types of models:

• A Humanoid model is a specific structure, containing at least 15 bones organized in a way that loosely conforms to an actual human skeleton. This page contains guidance on importing this type of model.
• A Generic model is everything else. This might be anything from a teakettle to a dragon. For information on importing this type of model, see Importing a model with non-humanoid (generic) animations.

For general importing guidance that is applicative to all types of models, see Importing a model.

Overview

When Unity imports Model files that contain Humanoid Rigs and Animation, it needs to reconcile the bone structure of the Model to its Blitheness. Information technology does this by mapping each bone in the file to a Humanoid Avatar and so that information technology tin play the Animation properly. For this reason, information technology is of import to carefully prepare your Model file A file containing a 3D data, which may include definitions for meshes, basic, blitheness, materials and textures. More than info
See in Glossary before importing into Unity.

1. Define the Rig type and create the Avatar.
2. Correct or verify the Avatar's mapping.
3. Once y'all are finished with the bone mapping, you tin optionally click the Muscles & Settings tab to tweak the Avatar'southward muscle configuration.
4. You tin optionally save the mapping of your skeleton's basic to the Avatar as a Human being Template A pre-defined bone-mapping. Used for matching basic from FBX files to the Avatar. More info
   See in Glossary (.ht) file.
5. You can optionally limit the animation that gets imported on certain basic by defining an Avatar Mask.
6. From the Animation tab, enable the Import Animation choice and then fix the other Nugget-specific properties, .
7. If the file consists of multiple animations or actions, you lot can define specific activeness ranges every bit Animation Clips.
8. For each Animation Clip Animation information that can be used for animated characters or simple animations. It is a elementary "unit of measurement" piece of move, such every bit (1 specific instance of) "Idle", "Walk" or "Run". More info
   See in Glossary defined in the file, you lot tin:
   • Modify the pose and root transform
   • Optimize looping
   • Mirror the animation on both sides of the Humanoid skeleton.
   • Add together curves to the clip in order to animate the timings of other items
   • Add events to the clip in guild to trigger certain actions in time with the blitheness
   • Discard function of the animation similar to using a runtime Avatar Mask simply applied at import time
   • Select a different Root Move Node to drive the activeness from
   • Read any letters from Unity most importing the clip
   • Watch a preview of the animation clip
9. To salvage your changes, click the Apply button at the bottom of the Import Settings window or Revert to discard your changes.

Set upward the Avatar

From the Rig tab of the Inspector window, set the Animation Type to Humanoid. By default, the Avatar Definition property is set to Create From This Model. If you go along this pick, Unity attempts to map the set of bones defined in the file to a Humanoid Avatar.

Humanoid Rig

In some cases, yous tin change this option to Copy From Other Avatar to use an Avatar yous already defined for another Model file. For example, if you lot create a Mesh The chief graphics primitive of Unity. Meshes brand up a big role of your 3D worlds. Unity supports triangulated or Quadrangulated polygon meshes. Nurbs, Nurms, Subdiv surfaces must exist converted to polygons. More info
Run into in Glossary (skin) in your 3D modeling application with several distinct animations, you lot can export the Mesh to one FBX file, and each animation to its own FBX file. When you import these files into Unity, you just need to create a unmarried Avatar for the outset file you import (normally the Mesh). Every bit long as all the files use the same bone construction, you can re-use that Avatar for the rest of the files (for example, all the animations).

If you lot enable this option, you must specify which Avatar you desire to use by setting the Source property.

Y'all can also change the maximum number of basic that can influence a given vertex with the Skin Weights property. By default, this property limits influence to four bones, just you can a different number.

When you click the Apply button, Unity tries to match upward the existing bone structure to the Avatar os construction. In many cases, information technology can practise this automatically by analyzing the connections between bones in the rig.

If the match succeeds, a cheque mark appears next to the Configure card. Unity also adds an Avatar sub-Asset to the Model Nugget, which you lot can notice in the Projection view.

Avatar appears as a sub-Asset of the imported Model

A successful match just ways that Unity was able to match all of the required bones. Nonetheless, for better results, you as well need to friction match the optional bones and gear up the model in a proper T-pose The pose in which the character has their artillery straight out to the sides, forming a "T". The required pose for the character to be in, in order to make an Avatar.
Meet in Glossary .

If Unity can't create the Avatar, a cross appears adjacent to the Configure button, and no Avatar sub-asset appears in the Project view.

Unity failed to create a valid Avatar

Since the Avatar is such an important aspect of the animation arrangement, it is important to configure it properly for your Model A 3D model representation of an object, such as a character, a building, or a piece of furniture. More info
See in Glossary .

For this reason, whether or not the automatic Avatar creation succeeds, you should always cheque that your Avatar is valid and properly set up up.

Configure the Avatar

If you desire to bank check that Unity correctly mapped your model's bones to the Avatar, or if Unity failed to create the Avatar for your model, you tin can click the Configure … button on the Rig A skeletal hierarchy of joints for a mesh. More than info
See in Glossary tab to enter the Avatar configuration way.

If Unity successfully creates an Avatar, the Avatar appears as a sub-asset of the model Asset. You tin select the Avatar asset in the Project window A window that shows the contents of your Assets binder (Projection tab) More info
See in Glossary , and then click the "Configure Avatar" button in the Inspector to enter the Avatar configuration style. This mode allows to check or adjust how Unity maps your model's bones to the Avatar layout.

The Inspector for an Avatar sub-asset

One time you lot have entered the Avatar configuration style, the Avatar window appears in the Inspector A Unity window that displays information nearly the currently selected GameObject, asset or project settings, assuasive you to inspect and edit the values. More info
See in Glossary displaying bone mapping.

Make sure the bone mapping is correct and that you map any optional bones that Unity did not assign.

Your skeleton needs to have at least the required bones in identify for Unity to produce a valid match. In social club to improve your chances for finding a match to the Avatar, proper noun your basic in a style that reflects the body parts they correspond. For example, "LeftArm" and "RightForearm" make information technology clear what these basic command.

Mapping strategies

If the model does not yield a valid match, you lot tin can use a like process to the one that Unity uses internally:

1. Choose Clear from the Mapping menu at the bottom of the Avatar window to reset any mapping that Unity attempted.
   
2. Choose Sample Bind-pose from the Pose carte at the bottom of the Avatar window to approximate the Model's initial modeling pose.
   
3. Choose Mapping > Automap to create a bone-mapping from an initial pose.
4. Choose Pose > Enforce T-Pose to set the Model back to to required T-pose.

If automapping fails completely or partially, you can manually assign bones by either dragging them from the Scene A Scene contains the environments and menus of your game. Think of each unique Scene file as a unique level. In each Scene, you identify your environments, obstacles, and decorations, substantially designing and edifice your game in pieces. More info
Encounter in Glossary view or from the Hierarchy view. If Unity thinks a bone fits, it appears in green in the Avatar Mapping tab; otherwise it appears in red.

Resetting the pose

The T-pose is the default pose required by Unity blitheness and is the recommended pose to model in your 3D modeling awarding. Still, if yous did non employ the T-pose to model your character and the animation does not work as expected, you tin select Reset from the Pose drop-down card:

The Pose drop-down carte du jour at the lesser of the Avatar window

If the bone assignment is correct, but the grapheme is not in the correct pose, you volition see the bulletin "Character not in T-Pose". You tin can attempt to fix that by choosing Enforce T-Pose from the Pose menu. If the pose is still non correct, you tin can manually rotate the remaining bones into a T-pose.

Creating an Avatar Mask

Masking allows you lot to discard some of the animation data inside a clip, allowing the clip to breathing only parts of the object or character rather than the unabridged affair. For example, you may accept a standard walking animation that includes both arm and leg motion, but if a character is carrying a large object with both easily then you wouldn't want their arms to swing to the side as they walk. Nonetheless, yous could still use the standard walking animation while carrying the object by using a mask to merely play the upper trunk portion of the carrying animation over the pinnacle of the walking animation.

You lot can apply masking to animation clips either during import time, or at runtime. Masking during import time is preferable, because it allows the discarded animation information to be omitted from your build, making the files smaller and therefore using less retentiveness. It also makes for faster processing considering there is less blitheness information to be blended at runtime. In some cases, import masking may not be suitable for your purposes. In that example, you can utilize a mask at runtime by creating an Avatar Mask A specification for which trunk parts to include or exclude for an blitheness rig. Used in Blitheness Layers and in the importer. More than info
Run across in Glossary Asset, and using information technology in the layer settings of your Animator Controller Controls blitheness through Animation Layers with Animation Country Machines and Animation Blend Copse, controlled by Animation Parameters. The same Animator Controller tin exist referenced by multiple models with Animator components. More than info
Encounter in Glossary .

To create an empty Avatar Mask Nugget, you tin either:

• Choose Create > Avatar Mask from the Assets Whatsoever media or data that tin can be used in your game or project. An asset may come up from a file created outside of Unity, such as a 3D Model, an audio file or an epitome. You can also create some asset types in Unity, such as an Animator Controller, an Audio Mixer or a Return Texture. More info
  Come across in Glossary menu.
• Click the Model object you want to define the mask on in the Project In Unity, you lot use a project to design and develop a game. A project stores all of the files that are related to a game, such as the asset and Scene files. More info
  See in Glossary view, and then right-click and choose Create > Avatar Mask.

The new Asset appears in the Project view:

The Avatar Mask window

Yous tin now add together portions of the body to the mask and then add the mask to either an Animation LayerAn Animation Layer contains an Animation State Automobile that controls animations of a model or part of information technology. An example of this is if you have a full-body layer for walking or jumping and a higher layer for upper-body motions such as throwing an object or shooting. The higher layers take precedence for the torso parts they control. More info
See in Glossary or add a reference to it under the MaskCan refer to a Sprite Mask, a UI Mask, or a Layer Mask More info
Run into in Glossary section of the Blitheness tab.

Importing a model with not-humanoid (generic) animations

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Source: https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/ConfiguringtheAvatar.html

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